Satanism is a term that refers to a number of related belief systems. Their commonality is that they all feature the veneration or admiration of Satan or similar figures. Originally, the figure of Satan was the one who challenged the religious faith of humans in the Hebrew Bible. In the Greek New Testament, the symbolism of Satan became particularly developed, described in events such as the temptation of Jesus and the book of Revelation. Since then, the Abrahamic religions have variously regarded Satan as a rebellious fallen angel or demon that tempts humans to sin or commit evil deeds. In Christianity, Satan became the outspoken enemy of the Christian religion, a description which helped contribute to the mythos of Satanism. Further, particularly after the European Enlightenment, some works (such as Paradise Lost; see Satan in Literature), began to present the Biblical Satan as an allegory that represents a crisis of faith, individualism, free will, wisdom and enlightenment.
Before the 1960s, Satanic groups were considered underground and often illegal[citation needed]. Anti-witchcraft laws such as the British Witchcraft Act 1735 (not repealed until 1951), reflected strong public sentiment against witchcraft and Satanism. Modern Satanism came into broad public awareness in the 1960s, with events such as the founding of the Church of Satan in 1966, events that were given wide media coverage.
Modern Satanist groups (those which appeared after the 1960s) are widely diverse, but two major trends which can be seen are Theistic Satanism and Atheistic Satanism. Theistic Satanists venerate Satan as a supernatural deity, whom some[who?] consider to be entirely benevolent. In contrast, Atheistic Satanists[1] consider themselves atheists and regard Satan as merely symbolic of certain human traits. This categorization of Satanism (which could be categorized in other ways, for example "Traditional" versus "Modern"), is not necessarily adopted by Satanists themselves, who usually would not specify which type of Satanism they adhere to. Each "type" of Satanist will usually refer to themselves only as a "Satanist".







